When performing a physical examination on a toddler, which of the following body parts would you examine last?

When performing a physical examination on a toddler, which of the following body parts would you examine last?

• A. Heart and lungs
• B. Abdomen and genitals
• C. Ears and throat
• D. Hips and extremities

Answer: (C)

In toddlers, the exam is often done from least distressing to more distressing to keep the child calm and cooperative while gathering essential information. Ears and throat are saved for last because examining them involves touching the mouth, throat, or ears, which can provoke crying, gagging, or resistance. By first completing noninvasive areas and systems that inform overall status—heart and lungs for cardiopulmonary function, abdomen and genitals for abdominal health and growth, hips and extremities for musculoskeletal development—you establish rapport and reduce anxiety. Then you can perform the ear and throat assessment when the child is more settled and cooperative, improving accuracy and comfort for both child and examiner.

In toddlers, the exam is often done from least distressing to more distressing to keep the child calm and cooperative while gathering essential information. Ears and throat are saved for last because examining them involves touching the mouth, throat, or ears, which can provoke crying, gagging, or resistance. By first completing noninvasive areas and systems that inform overall status—heart and lungs for cardiopulmonary function, abdomen and genitals for abdominal health and growth, hips and extremities for musculoskeletal development—you establish rapport and reduce anxiety. Then you can perform the ear and throat assessment when the child is more settled and cooperative, improving accuracy and comfort for both child and examiner.