Which ocular finding is commonly associated with Down syndrome?

Which ocular finding is commonly associated with Down syndrome?

• A. Brushfield spots
• B. Coloboma
• C. Retinopathy of prematurity
• D. Glaucoma

Answer: (A)

Brushfield spots are the ocular finding most characteristically described in Down syndrome. They are small white or grayish patches seen on the peripheral iris, caused by subtle irregularities in the iris stroma. They are common and benign, typically not affecting vision, which is why they’re noted as a classic association. Other options represent conditions not specifically linked as hallmark features of Down syndrome: coloboma is a congenital iris/optic nerve defect from incomplete closure of the embryonic fissure; retinopathy of prematurity occurs in preterm infants due to oxygen exposure; glaucoma can occur but is not the characteristic iris finding associated with Down syndrome.

Brushfield spots are the ocular finding most characteristically described in Down syndrome. They are small white or grayish patches seen on the peripheral iris, caused by subtle irregularities in the iris stroma. They are common and benign, typically not affecting vision, which is why they’re noted as a classic association. Other options represent conditions not specifically linked as hallmark features of Down syndrome: coloboma is a congenital iris/optic nerve defect from incomplete closure of the embryonic fissure; retinopathy of prematurity occurs in preterm infants due to oxygen exposure; glaucoma can occur but is not the characteristic iris finding associated with Down syndrome.