Which statement about febrile seizure prophylaxis is true?

Which statement about febrile seizure prophylaxis is true?

• A. Short-term anticonvulsant prophylaxis with valproic acid after 3 febrile seizures
• B. Prolonged anticonvulsant prophylaxis with phenobarbital for preventing recurrent febrile convulsions is now recommended
• C. Diazepam may be indicated for children under 12 months who have recurrent, complex febrile seizures
• D. Fever management with Tylenol to keep fever below 102F will prevent another seizure

Answer: (C)

Intermittent benzodiazepine prophylaxis during febrile illnesses is used for children at high risk of recurrence rather than routine long‑term anticonvulsants. Diazepam may be indicated for children under 12 months who have recurrent, complex febrile seizures because this approach can reduce recurrence without the cognitive and behavioral risks associated with ongoing antiepileptic therapy. Using valproic acid or phenobarbital long term for febrile seizures is not recommended due to limited benefit and potential adverse effects. Simply trying to keep fever below a certain temperature with acetaminophen does not reliably prevent another febrile seizure. This combination of high‑risk targeted prophylaxis with an intermittent agent is why the statement is considered true.

Intermittent benzodiazepine prophylaxis during febrile illnesses is used for children at high risk of recurrence rather than routine long‑term anticonvulsants. Diazepam may be indicated for children under 12 months who have recurrent, complex febrile seizures because this approach can reduce recurrence without the cognitive and behavioral risks associated with ongoing antiepileptic therapy. Using valproic acid or phenobarbital long term for febrile seizures is not recommended due to limited benefit and potential adverse effects. Simply trying to keep fever below a certain temperature with acetaminophen does not reliably prevent another febrile seizure. This combination of high‑risk targeted prophylaxis with an intermittent agent is why the statement is considered true.